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Childlessness in socio-demographic perspective in the Czech Republic
Janotová, Tereza ; Šťastná, Anna (advisor) ; Waldaufová, Eva (referee)
Childlessness in socio-demographic perspective in the Czech Republic Abstract This bachelor's thesis provides an overview of reproductive plans, changes in the timing of motherhood and the situation of voluntary childlessness in the Czech Republic. It analyzes socio- demographic factors that influence reproductive plans of people in the reproductive age born and raised in a dynamically changing democratic society. It relies on Czech data from an extensive international survey, the Generations and Gender Survey. The analysis focuses on the differences in reproductive plans between men and women depending on various factors and utilizes contingency tables and logistic regression methods. The data analysis revealed differences in reproductive plans based on gender, economic situation, education, and identified the main motivators for childlessness as the absence of a suitable partner to start a family, financial circumstances for starting a family, and age. Women showed a higher tendency than men to plan a child-free life. Keywords: childlessness, reproductive plans, logistic regression, Czech Republic
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Attitudes of Students of University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice to planning parenthood
SOUKUPOVÁ, Edita
The Master's thesis deals with the issue of family planning among full-time male and female students of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. It examines their attitudes towards family planning and aims to determine the differences in views between men and women. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part includes graphs that show the development of aggregative and final fertility, birth rate, marriage and divorce rates. It also explains some important terms related to demography, family, parenthood and gender. Furthermore, it describes different modern forms of cohabitation. The practical part was carried out in the form of quantitative research; a method of questioning was used to collect the desired data. Data for hypothesis testing was gathered using a questionnaire technique. The questionnaire was distributed to male and female students of the University of South Bohemia via the study departments of individual faculties during February 2020. The questionnaire survey examined the attitudes of male and female students towards family planning and marriage as well as their attitudes to family policy. Microsoft Excel 2007 was used to process the obtained data, and STATISTICA EN 13 was employed to test the established hypothesis. Two hypothesis were formulated. Hypothesis 1: "More than half of the full-time male and female students at the University of South Bohemia would like to become parents." This hypothesis was confirmed based on the quantitative research. Most male and female students at the University of South Bohemia do plan to have children. Hypothesis 2: "Full-time female students at the University of South Bohemia plan to have more children than full-time male students." This hypothesis was disproved. The results of testing this hypothesis showed that there is no significant difference between men and women studying full-time at the University of South Bohemia regarding the number of children they plan to have. The results show that, although male and female students at the University of South Bohemia currently focus mainly on their studies, parenthood is important to them and they would like to become parents in the future. Furthermore, the results indicate that there is no difference between male and female students at the University of South Bohemia regarding the number of children they plan to have in the future.
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Childlessness in the Czech Republic: cohort perspective
Žemberová, Karolína ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze childless women in the Czech Republic and compare them to similar women in Slovakia, Netherlands and USA. The main statistical analysis used is generational fertility tables for women born between 1935 and 1968. The first part presents theories that attempt to explain the change of reproductive preferences which were distinctively different than the second half of the 20th century. According to the results of the analysis, there was a strong corrolational change of generational childlessness in western countries by women born shortly after World War II. In the Czech and Slovak Republic the same generational childlessness was observed in women born in the sixties. Furthermore, it analyzes the percentage of childless women in the Czech Republic, depending on their marital status, according to data take from the census, which took place after 1950. It was concluded that the percentage of childless women changed by single and married women. The work also studies attitudes and opinions regarding childlessness based on sample surveys. The results of this thesis show that there are a growing number of childless women in particular countries and also that there is a growing importance in studying this phenomenon.
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Voluntary childlessness in the Czech Republic in the international context
Trdličková, Gabriela ; Dobiášová, Karolína (advisor) ; Hejzlarová, Eva (referee)
This thesis "Voluntary childlessness in the Czech Republic in the international context" is focused on the phenomenon of voluntary childlessness, that has been increasing in the past twenty years in the Czech Republic and other countries. It is based on relevant sociological theories, particularly theories of individualization and a cultural change and also the value of child theory. It deals with demographical changes and the second demographic transition in the Czech Republic and Europe. On this basis there is built an idea of using information about voluntary childlessness in other countries for the phenomenon in the Czech Republic as well, because it has similar reproductional intentions as in the other countries. The paper explains the term childlessness and defines a voluntary and involuntary choice, with accent to the first type. Shortly it deals with a media reflection and public opinion. To achieve goals of the thesis which are understanding and describing factors and motives of voluntarily childlessness and for creating a model of the factors and motives, a qualitative attitude was used to review the research. There are described three basic types of factors and motives, each of them is described in one chapter. Moreover there is a chapter dedicated to the stereotypization and stigmatization of...
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Housework and Free Time, Contradictory Elements of Private Sphere?
Černá, Zuzana ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Marková Volejníčková, Romana (referee)
HOUSEWORK AND FREE TIME, CONTRADICTORY ELEMENTS OF PRIVATE SPHERE? Thesis author: Zuzana Černá Thesis supervisor: PhDr. Mgr. Jan Balon, Ph.D. Abstract This thesis examines a relationship between housework and free time. I used the qualitative interviewing which can help us better understand this issue. In contemporary society, free time is an important element of daily life. We are concerned with what it means to us, we evaluate its quality and analyze how it affects our life satisfaction. On the contrary, the housework represents duty and a less popular activity in general. These two elements form time that we spend outside of paid work. In this study I try to explain what housework represents, how it affects our free time and whether these two elements conflict because they together constitute our private life, despite their different nature. The housework becomes more important and demanding during parenthood when it merges with childcare. An important aspect is division of housework between the partners, especially when they can substitute each other. Such division appears to be more efficient and can help both parents gain more free time that happens to be precious during the parenthood. During my research I also found out that housework does not have to be necessarily connected with a negative meaning,...
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Childlessness and its aspects in selected European countries
Žemberová, Karolína ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Šustová, Šárka (referee)
This thesis addresses childlessness and its aspects in selected European countries: Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Estonia, the Netherlands, Sweden and Norway. The aim of this work is to discover whether there are differences between capitalist and post-socialist countries when it comes to the development of childlessness and fertility. The tools are: the analysis of fertility, the average age of mothers at childbirth and analysis of childlessness using both transversal and longitudinal indicators. The indicators used in the analysis were of the first and second category. Another aim of this thesis is to find out whether there are differences between the attitudes, opinions and values when it comes to approach to the family, the division of gender roles and children between childless respondents and respondents with children. The differentiation between sex and age groups through the use of three matrices with questions from three surveys (European Values Study, Eurobarometer and ISSP) are also investigated. The factor analysis and the method of principal components are used to reduce the number of variables. The results of the factor analysis are indexed and the indexes are then used to reveal how the differences manifest themselves in the monitored groups of respondents. The main result of...
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Voluntary childlessness in the Czech Republic in the international context
Trdličková, Gabriela ; Dobiášová, Karolína (advisor) ; Hejzlarová, Eva (referee)
This thesis "Voluntary childlessness in the Czech Republic in the international context" is focused on the phenomenon of voluntary childlessness, that has been increasing in the past twenty years in the Czech Republic and other countries. It is based on relevant sociological theories, particularly theories of individualization and a cultural change and also the value of child theory. It deals with demographical changes and the second demographic transition in the Czech Republic and Europe. On this basis there is built an idea of using information about voluntary childlessness in other countries for the phenomenon in the Czech Republic as well, because it has similar reproductional intentions as in the other countries. The paper explains the term childlessness and defines a voluntary and involuntary choice, with accent to the first type. Shortly it deals with a media reflection and public opinion. To achieve goals of the thesis which are understanding and describing factors and motives of voluntarily childlessness and for creating a model of the factors and motives, a qualitative attitude was used to review the research. There are described three basic types of factors and motives, each of them is described in one chapter. Moreover there is a chapter dedicated to the stereotypization and stigmatization of...
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Childlessness in the Czech Republic: cohort perspective
Žemberová, Karolína ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze childless women in the Czech Republic and compare them to similar women in Slovakia, Netherlands and USA. The main statistical analysis used is generational fertility tables for women born between 1935 and 1968. The first part presents theories that attempt to explain the change of reproductive preferences which were distinctively different than the second half of the 20th century. According to the results of the analysis, there was a strong corrolational change of generational childlessness in western countries by women born shortly after World War II. In the Czech and Slovak Republic the same generational childlessness was observed in women born in the sixties. Furthermore, it analyzes the percentage of childless women in the Czech Republic, depending on their marital status, according to data take from the census, which took place after 1950. It was concluded that the percentage of childless women changed by single and married women. The work also studies attitudes and opinions regarding childlessness based on sample surveys. The results of this thesis show that there are a growing number of childless women in particular countries and also that there is a growing importance in studying this phenomenon.
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Childlessness in the Czech Republic, Germany, and Austria
Hodovníková, Ilona ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee)
Childlessness in the Czech Republic, Germany, and Austria Abstract The main goal of this thesis is to examine and compare the state of childlessness in the Czech Republic, the Federal Republic of Germany and Austria. In Germany particularly, childlessness has become a phenomenon and a society-wide issue. Austria, where childlessness is at a high level in comparison with other European countries is in a similar situation. Data analysis in this thesis showed that childlessness is more widespread in the former West Germany and Austria than in the Czech Republic and former East Germany. This difference is caused, among other things, by the pro-natal policies adopted in the former communist countries which led to a temporary increase in total fertility rate. Further, the thesis deals with the perception of parenthood and childlessness in society on the basis of the European Values Study 2008 international survey and with the relationship between the ideal and preferred number of children on the basis of the Eurobarometer 2006 international survey. The results of the surveys show that childlessness cannot be considered as a new kind of lifestyle, and that the preferred family form still involves two children. Considerable part of the study focuses on the causes and consequences of childlessness and its possible...
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